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Polymer chemistry is a multidisciplinary science that deals with the chemical synthesis and chemical properties of polymers which were considered by Hermann Staudinger as macromolecules. According to IUPAC recommendations,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Macromolecule )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Polymer )〕 macromolecules refer to the individual molecular chains and are the domain of chemistry. Polymers describe the bulk properties of polymer materials and belong to the field of polymer physics as a subfield of physics. == Polymers and their properties == Polymers are high molecular mass compounds formed by polymerization of monomers. The simple reactive molecule from which the repeating structural units of a polymer are derived are called monomer. A polymer is chemically described by its degree of polymerisation, molar mass distribution, tacticity, copolymer distribution, the degree of branching, by its end-groups, crosslinks, crystallinity and thermal properties such as its glass transition temperature and melting temperature. Polymers in solution have special characteristics with respect to solubility, viscosity and gelation. Schematically polymers are subdivided into biopolymers and synthetic polymers according to their origin. Each one of these classes of compounds can be subdivided into more specific categories in relationship to their use, properties and physicochemical characteristics. The biochemistry and industrial chemistry are disciplines that are interested in the study of the chemistry of polymers. * Biopolymers: This are produced by living organisms: * * Structural proteins: as collagen, keratin, elastin. * * Functional proteins: aso enzymes, hormones. * * Structural polysaccharides: as cellulose, chitin. * * Reserve polysaccharides: starch, glycogen. * * Nucleic acids: DNA, RNA. * Synthetic polymers: these polymers are used for plastics, synthetic fibers, paints, building materials, furniture, mechanical parts and adhesives. These are divided into: * *Thermoplastic polymers such as polyethylene, teflon, polystyrene, polypropylene, polyester, polyurethane, Poly(methyl methacrylate), vinyl chloride, nylon, rayon, cellulose, silicon, glass fiber, among others. * * Thermoset plastics:vulcanized rubber, bakelite, Kevlar, polyepoxide. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Polymer chemistry」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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